Comparison of the Sensitivity of Salmonella typhi Bacteria to Clove Essential Oil

COMPARISON OF THE SENSITIVITY OF Salmonella typhi BACTERIA TO CLOVE (Syzygium aromaticum) AND KANANGA (Canangium odoratum Baill) ESSENTIAL OILS IN VITRO
 
Research Background: Cloves and ylang are often used by the community to treat stomach aches and fever, in addition to various other functions. Cloves and Kenanga are also easy to find in the neighborhood. Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi is still an endemic disease in Indonesia. So Salmonella typhi was chosen as the experimental bacteria.

Research purposes: To determine the antibacterial power of Clove essential oil and Kenanga essential oil against Salmonella typhi, Minimum Inhibitory Content (MIC) and Minimum Killing Content (KBM) against Salmonella typhi bacteria and to determine Clove essential oil or Kenanga essential oil which can kill Salmonella typhi bacteria with concentrations smaller one.

Research methods : This research is an experimental study to determine the antibacterial power and differences in sensitivity of Clove essential oil and Kenanga essential oil to the growth of Salmonella typhi as assessed by looking at the Minimum Inhibitory Level (MIC) and Minimum Killing Rate (KBM) of these bacteria. The method used was liquid dilution by diluting Clove essential oil and Kenanga essential oil each at 7 concentrations, namely 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2,5%, 1,25%, 0,625% and using a control extract. , media control, bacterial control and antibiotic control with 5 repetitions.

Research result : Clove essential oil has an average value of Minimum Inhibitory Content (MIC) of 0,625% while the average value of Minimum Inhibitory Content (KBM) is 2,5% for Salmonella typhi bacteria. Ylang ylang essential oil does not have Minimum Inhibitory Content (MIC) and Minimum Killing Rate (KBM) against bacteria
Salmonella typhi. 

Conclusion: Clove essential oil has antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi bacteria while Kenanga essential oil does not have antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi. 

Keywords : Clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum) – Kenanga (Canangium odoratum Baill) essential oil – Salmonella typhi – Bacterial sensitivity