Basic Genetics

Surah 22: 5. O people, if you are in doubt about the resurrection (from the grave), then (know) verily We created you from dust, then from a drop of semen, then from a clot of blood, then from a lump of flesh that is perfect in its origin and which imperfect, so that We explain to you and We determine in the wombs, what We want until a predetermined time, then We bring you out as babies, then (gradually) you come to maturity, and some of you pass away and (there are) those among you who have had their lifespan extended until they are senile, so that they no longer know anything that they previously knew. And you see the earth is dry, then when We send down water on it, the earth will live and be fertile and grow all kinds of beautiful plants

Genetics is the science of heredity which studies various human problems such as their health, physical and mental birth defects, inheritance of traits and congenital abnormalities, even engineering them. We know that human life begins with the meeting of a male sperm cell and a female egg (Ovum) and produces a fertilized form (zygote) which in Islamic psychology is called Nutfah, namely semen (sperm) that comes out of the sulbi (spine). ) the male then nests in the female uterus.

Sperm and egg cells are called germ cells, these cells contain 46 chromosomes which are formed into 23 pairs, in each pair of chromosomes consisting of 1 father's chromosome and 1 mother's chromosome.

Everyone wants to have good offspring, perfect physically and spiritually, so when a child is born, they will first ask if it's a girl or a boy, after that it's disabled or not. There are several inherited diseases such as Thalassemia, polydactyly, the ability to taste (non-taste), Anonychia (abnormalities of the nails on some fingers that do not exist or do not grow well, Retinal aplasia (abnormalities in the retina, blindness), Cataracts (dominant gene K), cystic fibrosis (metabolic disorders resulting in decreased function of the pancreas, chronic respiratory infections, lungs), albinism, and cretinism.

Apart from being congenital, chromosomal abnormalities can also occur due to nondisjunction when the mother forms an egg cell, resulting in the loss of a sex chromosome during mitosis after an XX or XY zygote is formed. Like Turner syndrome. Or even trisomy or the addition of chromosomes during oogenesis, XX nondisjunction, so that the chromosomes increase to 47 XXY, for example in Klinefelter's syndrome. More download: Basic Genetics of the UII Medical Biomedical Block (medicineshare)